P.S.S.T. (Problem
Solving Skills Training)
What is PSST?
PSST (sometime known as ‘Think First’)
stands for ‘Problem Solving Skills Training’ and is
a 30 x 2.5 hour structured, cognitive-behavioural, group treatment
programme. The ultimate aim of PSST is to reduce offending behaviour
by targeting the development of interpersonal problem solving skills
within the context of participants offending behaviour and related
criminogenic attitudes and behaviours.
Who is PSST aimed at?
PSST is aimed at offenders or those at risk of offending. It is currently
used in both prison and forensic mental health settings, and has
been adapted in relation to learning needs for use with other special
populations including young people, those with personality disorders,
and those with learning disabilities. PSST is designed to be delivered
in a secure setting but has also been successfully provided in
the community.
PSST Sessions
PSST is a comprehensively manualised intervention that consists of
30 sessions. (There is also a shorter version of the programme
available consisting of 20 core group sessions) Sessions last approximately
2½ hours and can be run at a frequency best suited to the
participants and agency. PSST sessions are designed to cover a
range of areas including self management, social interaction, and
attitudes and values.
Is there evidence for the success of PSST?
The design and contents of the programme are evidence-based, drawing
on both background research on the factors associated with recidivistic
offending and the ever increasing volume of research literature
from many countries concerning the outcomes of interventions with
offenders. Various adaptations of PSST continue to be evaluated
on local, national and international initiatives and continue to
provide positive outcomes as intended by programme design.
Who developed PSST?
James McGuire is Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology at the
University of Liverpool, UK. He is a Chartered Clinical and Forensic
Psychologist and carries out psycho-legal work involving assessment
of offenders. He is currently Director of Studies for the Doctorate
in Clinical Psychology programme at Liverpool University, UK, and
also holds an honorary post of Consultant Clinical Psychologist
in Mersey Care NHS Trust.
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